Biological Nitrogen Removal Database
A manually curated data resource for microbial nitrogen removal
Biological Nitrogen Removal Database
A manually curated data resource for microbial nitrogen removal
Influent:Synthetic wastewater
Anammox system:nan
Anammox reactor:Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor (AnSBR)
Medium:Granular sludge
Culture taken from:Aerobic activated sludge
Microorganism cultured:Paracoccus denitrificans, Candidatus Brocadia sinica, Desulfacinum subterraneum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Respiration:Anaerobic
Electron donor:Ammonium chloride NH4Cl
Electron acceptor:Sodium sulfate (Na2SO4)
PH:nan
Maximum sludge concentration:0.5
HRT:48 h
NH4–N Influent conc(mg/L):100
NO2–N Influent conc(mg/L):nan
SO4–S Influent conc(mg/L):261
NH4–N Removal efficiency (%):38.4
NO2–N Removal efficiency (%):99.3
SO4-S Removal efficiency (%):nan
NLR kg-N/m3/d:0.05
NRR kg-N/m3/d:0.02
Major findings:The ammonium removal efficiency in SRAO-AnSBR was 38.41 %, corresponding to an ammonium removal rate.
Authors:Prachakittikul et al., 2016
Title:ANAMMOX-like performances for nitrogen removal from ammonium-sulfate-rich wastewater in an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor
Pubmed link:Link
Full research link:Link
Abstract:Ammonium removal by the ANaerobic AMonium OXidation (ANAMMOX) process was observed through the Sulfate-Reducing Ammonium Oxidation (SRAO) process. The same concentration of ammonium (100 mg N L(-1)) was applied to two anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (AnSBRs) that were inoculated with the same activated sludge from the Vermicelli wastewater treatment process, while nitrite was fed in ANAMMOX and sulfate in SRAO reactors. In SRAO-AnSBR, in substrates that were fed with a ratio of NH4(+)/SO4(2-) at 1:0.4 ± 0.03, a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 48 h and without sludge draining, the Ammonium Removal Rate (ARR) was 0.02 ± 0.01 kg N m(-3).d(-1). Adding specific ANAMMOX substrates to SRAO-AnSBR sludge in batch tests results in specific ammonium and nitrite removal rates of 0.198 and 0.139 g N g(-1) VSS.d, respectively, indicating that the ANAMMOX activity contributes to the removal of ammonium in the SRAO process using the nitrite that is produced from SRAO. Nevertheless, the inability of ANAMMOX to utilize sulfate to oxidize ammonium was also investigated in batch tests by augmenting enriched ANAMMOX culture in SRAO-AnSBR sludge and without nitrite supply. The time course of sulfate in a 24-hour cycle of SRAO-AnSBR showed an increase in sulfate after 6 h. For enriched SRAO culture, the uptake molar ratio of NH4(+)/SO4(2-) at 8 hours in a batch test was 1:0.82 lower than the value of 1:0.20 ± 0.09 as obtained in an SRAO-AnSBR effluent, while the stoichiometric ratio of 1:0.5 that includes the ANAMMOX reaction was in this range. After a longer operation of more than 2 years without sludge draining, the accumulation of sulfate and the reduction of ammonium removal were observed, probably due to the gradual increase in the sulfur denitrification rate and the competitive use of nitrite with ANAMMOX. The 16S rRNA gene PCR-DGGE (polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) and PCR cloning analyses resulted in the detection of the ANAMMOX bacterium (Candidatus Brocadia sinica JPN1) Desulfacinum subterraneum belonging to the genus Desulfacinum and bacteria that are involved in sulfur metabolism (Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain SBTPe-001 and Paracoccus denitrificans strain IAM12479) in SRAO-AnSBR.